TL:DR/Abstract: The term Evil is in conflict with itself. If evil is a primary trait then it is no more valid to blame an evil person for evil acts than it is to blame blame a duck for swimming. If evil is not a primary trait then does it even exist?
Full:
What constitutes evil? How do you define evil? Most people have a definition of evil akin to the government’s definition of pornography, that is, it doesn’t have one but it knows it when it sees it.
I’ve always had a problem with the whole idea of good and evil. As long as I have lived I have been a moral relativist. Now I didn’t know that was the term when I was five, but that’s what I was. Rules always bothered me for the same reason multiple choice tests bothered me. I could always find alternate interpretations or exceptions that were perfectly reasonable in my head. Fortunately, my parents encouraged this level of questioning. Yay for not being an advanced puppy.
I can’t think of a single example an any act which is universally evil under all circumstances without resorting to some set of all acts which are universally evil sophist semantic trickery.
I’m quick to add there are sets of actions which are for the most part practically universally objectionable, but as with everything in reality theory plays a key role, and in theory, any act can be rendered good or evil with the addition of context. What the series 24, or the movie unthinkable for some visceral needs of the many type defenses of this idea.
It seems that there may be a set of acts that within the confines of the human condition are universally evil, like no possible context additions could ethically shift any act of this set, but I can’t think of any.
It seems to me there’s a way to render ANY evil act, good. If said evil act prevents all future instances of said evil act without otherwise changing potential action. The last bit may be confusing but, its required to prevent system destroyers. Example: If the rule were simply the prevention of all future evil acts of that same type, then nuclear extinction of humanity could be a good act because it would prevent the same thing from happening again. Obviously that’s not good, but if I could kill a person and in so doing prevent all future murders without changing the rest of the world, then that’s a no brainer. Even if it’s me.
The same goes for good. If a person is just good, then why do we applaud them for acting on it? I mean if it’s their nature, how was it a choice? It’s like getting all excited when an ant carries something back to its colony. That’s its nature.
Like for example, my mother is proud of me because I gave some socks and a coat to a guy that was hanging out on my steps one morning. Now I’m thrilled to have my mother proud of me, but that’s part of my point. This act was not selfless. I receive pleasure when I can be of help. Am I still a good person? Or am I just a dopamine addict like the rest of us?
I would argue what makes me good is the fact that doing good makes me feel good as opposed to being a universal sadist. (we all have a little de Sade in us somewhere) But do I deserve credit for this? No. It was no more my choice than being tall or white. If anyone gets a back pat it should be my parents, but then one again has to ask why did they make their choices? And on and on.
It seems value judgments are impossible in any objective sense, and if we grant that good and evil are subjective, which is fine then do we not seriously need to rethink our social structure? Yup. Hence my life’s work you’re reading right now.
Choice is the root it would seem, but if I had a choice, be good or be evil, then my choice is the primary trait and evil and good become secondary, defined by that choice. At which point one must ask why were those choices made? Because as we just explored, context changes everything. And if context is always being added how can we judge in any objective sense the quality of an action?
Indeed it seems the universe is geared to short circuit such judgments. An absolutely good act would seem to by definition include a non halting state future, and thus context will by definition always be added after even a perfectly infinitely good act, so we’d never know ultimately if the act was good because we have to wait till the end of context addition to make the evaluation. So spotting the ultimate good is not possible. Same with evil. The ultimate evil act would seem to demand immediate halting just as surely as good demands continuation by definition, thus there would be no one left after an ultimate evil act to evaluate it. It’s like unknown unknowns and black swan events. It’s invisible, permanently.
Really, it seems to me that we have no choice but to reject the whole idea of good and evil as being more than a little broken.
